BIODEGRADATION OF S-TRIAZINE COMPOUNDS USING ACTINOBACTERIUM FRANKIA
Abstract
Striazine compounds consider as herbicides for the control of broadleaf weeds in corn, sorghum and sugarcane crops in agriculture. Striazines metabolism initiate via a dechlorination reaction catalyzed by atrazine chlorohydrolase or amidohydrolase (TrzN/AtzA). Frankia strains ACN14a and EuI1c were exposed to different concentrations from three different striazine compounds include atrazine, desethyl atrazine and desethyl desisopropyl atrazine in media containing, carbon and nitrogen source (C+N+), carbon source and no nitrogen source (C+N-), and absence either carbon and nitrogen source (C-N-). Hydroxyatrazine and ammeline were the first detected metabolites in ACN14a and EuI1c cultures filtrate via HPLC/MS analysis. Data mining and bioinformatics analysis of selected Frankia ACN14a and EuI1c genomes exhibited an amidohydrolase gene (putative trzN, FRAAL1474 and/or FraEuI1c_5874) which could play a role in striazines degradation (dechlorination). A reverse genetic approach (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the gene expression of interested gene (FRAAL1474) under atrazine stress as the sole nitrogen source. The interested gene which encode amidohydrolase showed more than 30 fold changes in its mRNA expression level under 1 mM atrazine stress after 6 days exposure in comparison to untreated cells.References
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