GENETIC VARIABILITY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME LOCAL AND IMPORTED MANGO CULTIVARS IN EGYPT

Authors

  • OLA A. GALAL Genetics Department, Faculty of Agric., 33516, Kafr-El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
  • HODA A. GALAL Enviro. Studies and Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City (USC), Menofeia, Egypt
  • AZIZA A. ABOULILA Genetics Department, Faculty of Agric., 33516, Kafr-El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt

Abstract

Mango is one of the most important tropical fruits in the world. It has been cultivated in Egypt since 19th century. The usual methodologies to produce a new cultivar in Egypt are based on selection of superior seedling or importing new cultivars. To establish breeding program and improve mango cultivars, genetic variability and relationships among available mango germplasms must be detected. The present study was conducted in two successive seasons (2014 and 2015), on three common local cultivars (Ewais, Zebda and Sedeeq) and five imported cultivars (Naomi, Keitt, Fajri Klan, Tommy Atkins and Haidi) which are grown commercially in Egypt. Results revealed a wide range of variability in qualitative and quantitative characteristics of mango cultivars. On the basis of combined analysis of the two years, all fruit parameters; fruit length, breadth and weight, stone weight, TSS and acidity, showed considerably high heritability values which ranged from 80.83 to 98.27%, indicating that genetic improvement for these characters through breeding and selection would be effective. On the other hand, genetic diversity and relatedness among the eight genotypes were assessed based on fourteen decamer RAPD primers. A total of 154 bands were obtained with 81.82% polymorphism. High similarity degree was found between the local cultivar (Zebda) and the Indian cultivar (Fajri Klan) at the molecular level which was consistent with some physical characters. Results of UPGMA dendrogram revealed that the Egyptian cultivar Sedeek was the most divergent and separated in a distinct group. This was consistent with genetic relationship of pigments in peel color; Sedeek was the only cultivar that did not have yellow color in ripe fruit peel. These results indicated that RAPD analysis could be used as an effective tool in separating cultivars according to their physico-chemical properties and could be useful for genetic improvement of mango cultivars.

References

AOAC (1995). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis, 16th ed. Washington DC, USA.

Bangerth, F. (2006). Flower induction in perennial fruit trees: still an enigma? Acta Hortic., 727: 177-195.

Begum, H., T. M. Reddy, S. Malthi, B. P. Reddy, S. Archack, J. Nagaraju and E. A. Siddiq (2012). Molecular analysis for genetic distinctiveness and relationships of indigeneous landraces with popular cultivars of mango in Andhra Pradesh, India. The Asian and Australian J. Pl. Biotech., 6: 24-37.

Bhargava, R. and R. Khorwa (2011). Molecular characterization of Mangifera indica by using RAPD marker. Ind. J. Fund. Appl. Life Sci., 1: 47-49.

Bhuyan, M. A. J. and D. Guha (1995). Performance of some exotic mango germplasm under Bangladesh conditions. Bangladesh Hort., 23: 17- 22.

Burton, W. G. and E. H. Devane (1953). Estimating heritability in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) from replicated clonal material. Agron. J., 45: 478-481.

Campbell, C. W. (1991). Progress of mango cultivation. Proc. Inter. Soc. Tropic. Hortic., 32: 8-19.

Dinesh, M. R., C. Vasugi and R. Venugopal (2013). Heritability studies in mango (Mangifera indica L.). Acta Hortic., 992: 321- 324.

Elsheshetawy, H. E., A. Mossad, W. K. Elhelew and V. Farina (2016). Comparative study on the quality characteristics of some Egyptian mango cultivars used for food processing. Annals of Agric. Sciences, 61: 49-56.

EMALR, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (2004). Mango; cultivation and production. CAAE, ARC, Egypt. Bulletin No. 857.

Falconer, D. S. (1981). Introduction to quantitative genetics. 2nd ed., Lougman Green, London/New York.

Galal, H. A. (2008). Storability and genetic evaluation of some mango cultivars. PhD. Thesis, Fac. Agric. Kafr El-Sheikh, Tanta Univ., Egypt.

Hartmann, H. T., D. E. Kester, F. T. Davies and R. L. Geneve (2011). Plant Propagation Principles And Practices: Propagation Methods and Rootstocks for Fruit and Nut Species, 8th ed, chapter 19, PH, Pearson Professional Business. p: 728-766.

Hoogendijk, M. and D. Williams (2001). Characterizing the genetic diversity of home garden crops: Some examples from Americas. 2nd International Home Gardens Workshop, 17-19 July 2001, Witzenhausen, Federal Republic of Germany, p: 34-40.

Human, C. F. (2008). Production Areas. In: de Villiers E. A., Joubert P. H. (eds). The Cultivation of Mango. ARC-Institute for Tropical and Subtropical Crops, p: 9-15.

Iyer, C. P. A. and R. J. Schnell (2009). Breeding and genetics, p. 67-96. In: Litz, RE (ed.). The mango: Botany, production and uses. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.

Jaccard, P. (1901). Étude comparative de la distribuition florale dans une portion des Alpes et des Jura. Bull. Soc. Vandoise Sci. Nat., 37: 547- 579.

Jintanawong, S., H. Hiranpradit, P. Polprasid and P. Duangpikul (1992). Group characterization of Thai mango; Mangifera indica L. Acta Hortic., 321: 254-261.

Johnson, H. W., H. F. Robinson and R. E. Comstock (1955). Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybeans. Agron. J., 47: 314- 318.

Ketsa, S., W. Phakawatmongkol and S. Subhadrabhandhu (1999). Peel enzymatic activity and colour changes in ripening mango fruit. J. Plant Physiol., 154: 363-366.

Knight, R. J. Jr. (2004). Tropical Visions: Report on the Egyptian Mango Industry. Tropical Visions, The Rare Fruit Review, 1(4).

Kostermans, A. J. and J. M. Bompard (1993). The Mangoes: their Botany, Nomenclature, Horticulture and Utilization. London, Academic Press. pp. 233.

Kumar, H., P. Narayanaswamy, T. Prasad, G. K. Mukunda and S. Sondur (2001). Estimation of genetic diversity of commercial mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars using RAPD markers. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechno., 76: 529-533.

Lavi, U., S. Gurevitz, G. Ben Ari, D. Saada, K. Kashkush, T. Paz, T. Twito, Y. Cohen, J. Hillel and G. Simchen (2006). Potential applications of modern biological techniques in breeding fruit trees. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res., 14: 13-19.

Litz, R. E. (2009). The Mango Botany, Production and Uses. 2nd ed. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing, pp: 669.

Majumder, D. A. N., L. Hassan, M. A. Rahim and M. M. Kabir (2012). Genotypic and phenotypic variability in mango (Mangifera indica L.). Bangladesh J. Agril. Res., 37: 683- 690.

Mansour, H., L. E. Mekki and M. A. Hussein (2014). Assessment of genetic diversity and relationships among Egyptian mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivers grown in Suez Canal and Sinai region using RAPD markers. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 17: 56- 61.

Monselise, S. and E. Goldschmidt (1982). Alternate bearing in fruit trees. Hortic. Rev., 4: 128-173.

Morton, J. F. (1987). Fruits of warm climates. Miami. Florida Flair Books, p: 221-239.

Mukherjee, S. K. (1953). The mango. Its botany, cultivation, uses and future improvement, especially as observed in India. Econ. Bot., 7: 130- 160.

Mussane, C. R. B., A. V. Biljon and L. Herselman (2010). Morphological and genetic characterization of mango varieties in Mozambique. Second RUFORUM Biennial Meeting 20-24 September, 2010, Entebbe, Uganda. p: 991-995.

Naik, K. C. (1971). Mango improvement. Andhra Agri. J., 18: 221-222.

Nei, M. (1973). Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 70: 3321- 3323.

Pinto, A. C. Q., J. G. da Costa and C. A. F. Santos (2002). Most importante varieties, in: Genu PJC, Pinto ACQ (Eds.), The Mango Crop, Embrapa Informaçao Tecnologica, Brasilia, Brazil. ISHS Acta Hortic. 645: VII International Mango Symposium.

Pradeepkumar, T., P. Joseph and I. Johnkutty (2006). Variability in physicochemical characteristics of mango genotypes in Northern Kerala. J. Trop. Agri., 44: 57-60.

Purseglove, J. W. (1968). Tropical Crops: Dicotyledons, Longman Scientific and Technical. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.

Rajwana, I. A., I. A. Khan, A. U. Malik, B. A. Saleem, A. S. Khan, Z. Khurram, A. Raheel and M. Amin (2011). Morphological and biochemical markers forvarietal characterization and quality assessment of potential indigenous mango (Mangifera indica) germplasm. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 13: 151-158.

Ranade, S. A., T. S. Rana, A. P. Srivastava and K. N. Nair (2006). Molecular differentiation in Murraya Koenig ex L. species in India inferred through ITS, RAPD and DAMD analysis. Curr. Sci., 90: 1253-1258.

Rashedy, A. A., M. A. El Kheshin and A. M. Abd Allatif (2014). Histological parameters related to dwarfism in some mango cultivars. World J. of Agric. Science, 10: 216-222.

Schnell, R. J., C. M. Ronning and R. J. Jr. Knight (1995). Identification of cultivars and validation of genetic relationships in Mangifera indica L. using RAPD markers. Theor. Applied Genet., 90: 269-274.

Singh, D. B. (2002). Improvement of mango for regular and early fruiting in Andaman. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 72: 631-634.

Singh, J., R. R. Singh, G. S. Yadav and U. K. Singh (2004). Studies on genetic variability in mango. J. Applied Biology, 14: 34-35.

Singh, S., A. B. Gaikwad and J. L. Karihaloo (2009). Morphological and molecular analysis of intracultivar variation in Indian mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars. Acta Hortic., 829: 205-212.

Souza, I. G. B., S. E. S. Valente, F. B. Britto, V. A. B. de Souza and P. S. C. Lima (2011). RAPD analysis of the genetic diversity of mango (Mangifera indica) germplasm in Brazil. Genet. Mol. Res., 10: 3080- 3089.

Ueda, M., K. Sasaki, N. Utsunomiya, K. Inaba and Y. Shimabayash (2000). Change in physical and chemical properties during maturation of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L. rwin) cultured in plastics green houses. Food Sci. Technol. Res., 6: 299-305.

Usman, M., B. Fatima and M. J. Jaskani (2001). Review breeding in mango. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 3: 522-526.

Yahia, E. H. M. (1999). Postharvest handling of mango. Technical Report. Agric. Technology Utilisation and Transfer (ATUT). Giza, Egypt, p: 57-61.

Downloads

Published

2017-08-06

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2