MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION FOR YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN SOME GRAPE CULTIVARS (Vitis vinifera L.)
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to develop molecular characterization for 11 grape genotypes and rootstocks using RAPD, SSRs and ISSRs analyses and to elucidate some molecular markers associated with some quality and yield-related traits.
RAPD analysis for the ten genotypes utilizing nine random 10-mer primers exhibited a total number of 78 fragments. All primers exhibited high levels of polymorphism (100%) and the number of bands for each primer ranged from 5 to 12. The dendrogram based on RAPD-PCR analysis divided the ten genotypes into two main clusters; cluster 1 included four genotypes and cluster 2 comprised the rest of the genotypes. Cultivar Crimson and rootstock Harmony and also rootstocks Harmony and Rogiri were closely related (79.5%), while Bezelanza and Rogiri were remotely related (44.9%).
SSRs analysis for the 11 genotypes utilizing 7 primer pairs showed a total number of 37 bands and the total number of bands for each primer ranged from 2 to 10. Genetic similarity among the 11 grape genotypes showed that the closest relationship was recorded between Early-superior and Bezelanza (similarity matrix 94.6%), on the other hand, the lowest similarity was observed between Crimson and Freedom (40.5%).
ISSRs analysis for ten genotypes utilizing 4 primers which exhibited a total number of 45 bands and the number of bands for each primer ranged from 8 to 14. The genetic similarity among the ten grape genotypes based on ISSRs indicated a closest relationship between Banaty and Early-superior cultivars (75.6%), the lowest similarity was observed between Bezelanza cultivar and Rogiri rootstock (40.0%)
The combined data of RAPD-PCR and ISSRs-PCR showed that the genetic similarity matrix between Harmony and Poulson rootstocks was 75.6%, while the lowest similarity index (43.1%) was observed between Bezelanza cultivar and Rogiri rootstock.
In general, the molecular genetic studies of the 11 grape genotypes proved to be effective tools for the identification of these genotypes. In aaddition, such studies provided some molecular markers associated with some economically important traits in grape vine.
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