BIODIVERSITY STUDY OF Zilla spinosa (L.) IN EGYPT
Abstract
Zilla is a monospecific genus in the flora of Egypt represented by Zilla spinosa. The field observations of Zilla spinosa populations showed the presence of a high degree of morphological diversity. The taxonomic problem of this species is mainly related to its confused infra-specific treatments in different floras. Our taxonomic revision of Z. spinosa was carried out on 15 recently collected populations covered the geographical range of this species in Egypt, in addition to 33 old herbarium specimens from different localities dating to nine decades ago. Herbarium specimens and recently obtained populations were grouped together by morphological studies under two distinct morphotypes depending mainly on fruit characters. SCoT-PCR technique was used to study the genetic diversity of the two morphotypes and separate two main clusters, and according to molecular results we treated the morphotypes as two distinct subspecies: subsp. spinosa, and subsp. biparmata. Pollen grains characters of the two subspecies were studied for the first-time using SEM. Chromosome numbers of the two subspecies of Z. spinosa were counted. The chromosome lengths and centromeric positions as obtained from mitotic chromosomal preparations were used to establish the first report of the two examined subspecies karyotype.
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