EVALUATION OF SALINITY TOLERANCE IN SOME BREAD WHEAT RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES USING MICROSATELLITES MARKERS
Abstract
In most countries worldwide, including Egypt, bread wheat is essential among cereals crops. However, soil salinity is a global issue that has a negative impact on plant growth, development, and productivity. Therefore, salt tolerance is an important feature that must be improved in wheat genotypes. Identifying informative and highly differential molecular markers is critical for developing salt-tolerant genotypes that could tolerate excessive salts in the soil. Twelve bread wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Shandaweel-1 and Giza-168, were evaluated in pots following completely randomized design (CRD) for salinity tolerance. All genotypes were assessed under control (10 mM NaCl) and salt stress (102 mM NaCl). Some phenotypic traits including plant height, number of tillers/plant and number of leaves/plant were measured. The three phenotypic traits were positively correlated with salt tolerant trait index (STTI), and negatively correlated with the salt injury index (SII). Out of 12 microsatellites markers (SSRs) used to evaluate salt tolerance in wheat genotypes, three primers (wmc432, gwm88 and gwm213) revealed genetic polymorphism between parental genotypes and among the studied RILs. Large variations could be observed for proline accumulation among the 12 wheat RILs and between their parents, and the results of estimation of proline content confirmed the results obtained on the morphological and the molecular levels and indicated that there must be a relationship between proline accumulation and salt tolerance mechanisms in wheat. Due to their high performance under salt stress conditions, amplifying a polymorphic band within three primers associated with salt tolerance and accumulating the highest amounts of proline content under salt stress, six RILs out of the 12 studied could be considered as promising materials for improving bread wheat in breeding programs in the future.
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