ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HALOPHILIC- ENDOPHYTES FROM EL-HAMRA OASIS, EL-NATRUN VALLEY, EGYPT. I: IMPACT OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIAL ISOLATES ON TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM) GROWTH PROMO- TION UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS.
Abstract
Thirty-seven endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from tissues of four salt-tolerant plant species (Phragmites australis, Tamarix nilotica, Juncus rigidus, and Halocnemum strobilaceum) growing on shores of the El-Hamra Oasis (hypersaline soda lakes, with salinity level, reaches up to 5.0 M NaCl), EL-Natrun Valley, Egypt. Isolates were determined by different morphological, physiological, and molecular characters. Sequencing data of 16S rRNA declare that the 37 isolates belong to 3 genera Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Vibrio (accessions no. Ky608807 - KY608843). All isolates produced Indol- 3-acetic acid (IAA) when allowed to grow in LB media fortified with 0.1% L- tryptophan. The highest five potent isolates "IAA- producer" were selected and used to inoculate tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants under greenhouse conditions. Based on plant growth characteristics that were measured at 37, 51, and 65 days post-germination; we found that 10 or 50 ml (1 x 107 CFU/ml) direct addition of bacterial culture to soil surface caused a significant increase in tomato plants' height (above-ground fresh and dry weight) compared to direct foliage spraying. When pooled together, all bacterial treatment caused a significant increase in tomato height (ranging from 4.9 up to 25.8%), fresh weight (13.2 up to 43.4%), and dry weight (42.37 up to 51.58%, with an average of 46.73%), compared to non-bacterial inoculated controls (non-treated, or IAA-sprayed) 65 days post-germination.
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